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Control panels

Modern alarm systems are characterized by a wide choice of technical solutions meant to protect the property. Regardless of solution type, each professional alarm system is built out of elements that fulfill same set of functions. Alarm systems core is control panel which functions are: receiving, interpretation and reaction to signals send by detectors.

Control panel should work in one of three modes: standby, supervision or alarm. First of them enables for authorized personnel to be in protected zone. In this mode only tamper circuits and 24 hour devices (i.e. fire detectors) are being supervised. Control panel receives signals from other devices but they take form of information signals only. Next mode is supervision. It describes state when protected zones are empty. During this mode control panel receives signals from all detectors and takes proper decisions. Last mode is alarm mode. It describes state when control panel detected an intruder in protected zone and took needed actions. Alarm realization often takes form of visual and optical form and/or sending information to monitoring station and other addressees.

Very often used feature of alarm systems is division of whole facility into certain groups, called partitions. This division allows to divide one system into virtual and logic independent subsystems with keeping full surveillance.

Basic control panel elements are:

- steering keypads
- input modules
- output modules
- phone communicator

User communicates with control panel via keypads that are being used for configuration and operating the system as well as information visualization. Sometimes keypads play additional role of system expanders broadening systems possibilities i.e. expanding number of parametric lines. Taking ways of data visualization under consideration we distinguish:

- LED keypads - information and affirmation of commands are visualized by lighting led diods.
- LCD keypads - information and affirmation of commands are visualized by alphanumeric or iconographic signs displayed on liquid-crystal unit.

Input modules are being used for connecting detectors or other devices that transmit information to control panel. User sets during installation basic parameters linked with input lines:

- input type - method of connection detector to control panel
- input reaction type - describes type of information which control panel gains from input impulse.
- reaction delay time (input/output) - defines time needed for inserting password or needed for leaving the protected zone after arming the system.

Number of inputs is dependant on possibilities and scalability of control panel. Basic capacity of control panel is made by built-in lines. Number of inputs can be increased by adding expanders or LAN modules.